Why are my hands or body shaking? Understanding the real reasons behind tremors

By Sina Hartung, MMSC-BMI, Harvard Medical SchoolReviewed by Eureka Health Medical Group
Published: July 20, 2025Updated: July 20, 2025

Key Takeaways

Most tremors are caused by benign essential tremor, medication side effects, caffeine, anxiety, low blood sugar, or neurological disorders like Parkinson’s disease. Age, family history, and certain illnesses increase risk. A doctor can often tell the cause by the pattern, triggers, and simple tests, then confirm with labs or imaging if needed.

What are the most common medical reasons my body shakes?

Shaking can arise from problems in the brain’s movement circuits, metabolic imbalances, or temporary stimulation. Recognizing patterns helps narrow the list quickly.

  • Essential tremor tops the listUp to 4 % of adults over 40 have essential tremor, a hereditary condition that causes rhythmic hand shaking during action but not at rest.
  • Parkinson’s tremor usually appears at restResting tremor affects about 1 % of people over 60 and often improves briefly when you start moving your hand.
  • Medications and substances can trigger shakingLithium, valproate, albuterol, and even high-dose caffeine cause drug-induced tremor in up to 25 % of users.
  • Low blood sugar produces fine, rapid tremorHypoglycemia triggers shaking, sweating, and palpitations when glucose falls below roughly 70 mg/dL.
  • Anxiety causes adrenaline-driven tremblingAcute stress increases sympathetic tone, leading to visibly shaky hands that settle once the stressor passes. "It’s the body’s normal fight-or-flight response, not always a disease," notes Sina Hartung, MMSC-BMI.
  • Hyperthyroidism often causes a fine, high-frequency hand tremorExcess thyroid hormone heightens sympathetic drive, so an overactive thyroid is a well-recognized medical cause of shaky hands that improves once hormone levels are controlled. (MNT)
  • Alcohol withdrawal can produce coarse whole-body shakingPeople who stop heavy drinking abruptly may develop noticeable tremors within the first 6–24 hours of withdrawal as the brain adapts to the loss of alcohol’s depressant effects. (PRF)

Which tremor signs mean I should seek urgent medical care?

Some features point to serious neurologic or metabolic trouble that should not wait for a routine visit.

  • Sudden onset with weakness suggests strokeIf shaking starts within minutes and one side of the body feels weak or numb, call emergency services immediately.
  • Shaking with high fever may signal infection in the brainMeningitis or encephalitis can cause tremor along with headache, neck stiffness, or confusion.
  • Alcohol withdrawal tremor can escalate to seizuresSevere shaking 6–48 h after the last drink warrants urgent evaluation to prevent delirium tremens.
  • A resting jaw tremor plus drooling points toward ParkinsonismEarly specialty input speeds diagnosis and access to disease-modifying therapy. “Treating Parkinson’s early can delay disability by years,” says the team at Eureka Health.
  • Tremor plus racing heartbeat hints at overactive thyroidA fine shake alongside palpitations, weight loss, or heat intolerance can signal hyperthyroidism, which needs same-day thyroid testing and treatment. (Healthgrades)
  • Shaking with sweating and dizziness may be low blood sugarHypoglycemia frequently triggers tremor; if shaking is accompanied by light-headedness or faintness, check glucose immediately and call emergency services if levels are low. (Healthgrades)

How can everyday triggers make tremors worse?

Even benign tremors intensify with lifestyle factors. Adjusting them often calms the shaking.

  • Coffee and energy drinks multiply hand amplitudeCaffeine stimulates beta-adrenergic receptors; limiting intake to under 200 mg daily reduces tremor severity in 60 % of sensitive people.
  • Sleep debt magnifies essential tremorOne study found a 30 % increase in tremor amplitude after a single night of <5 h sleep.
  • Physical fatigue lowers muscle controlLong hours of manual work or intense exercise make oscillations more noticeable until muscles recover.
  • Stress management techniques dampen adrenergic tremor“A five-minute paced-breathing exercise dropped visible shaking in half for my clients,” reports Sina Hartung, MMSC-BMI.
  • Smoking or alcohol withdrawal can abruptly escalate tremblingNorthwestern Medicine notes that hand tremor “can be worsened by… smoking [and] alcohol withdrawal,” so avoiding nicotine and seeking medical supervision when reducing alcohol may lessen sudden surges. (NWM)
  • Skipped meals trigger hypoglycemia-related tremor flaresAllina Health lists low blood sugar among everyday factors that aggravate essential tremor; eating regular, balanced snacks helps many patients keep shake intensity in check. (Allina)

What practical steps can I take at home to steady my hands?

Simple changes reduce day-to-day shaking and improve confidence with fine tasks.

  • Use weighted utensils and pensAdding 200–400 g to tools increases inertia and has been shown to cut essential tremor amplitude by roughly 25 %.
  • Adopt a shoulder-anchored writing postureResting the forearm on the table isolates finger movement and steadies script immediately.
  • Schedule tasks for medication peakIf you take beta-blockers or primidone, perform handwriting or eating 1–2 h after the dose when tremor suppression is strongest.
  • Practice 10-minute hand-strengthening routinesGrip trainers and wrist curls improve motor control after 6–8 weeks in small trials. The team at Eureka Health notes, “Consistent strengthening works almost as well as a low dose beta-blocker for mild tremor.”
  • Reduce caffeine to lessen trigger-induced tremorThe Healthy Keto review highlights excessive coffee, tea and energy-drink consumption as a frequent aggravator; many people find noticeably steadier hands within days of cutting back. (DrBerg)
  • Slip on a light wrist weight during precision workA physician-reviewed guide lists wearing wrist weights (about 0.5–2 lb) as an easy way to add inertia and dampen oscillations while writing, eating or using tools. (wikiHow)

Which tests and treatments will my clinician consider?

Diagnosis starts with history and exam; targeted tests rule out mimic conditions and guide therapy.

  • Basic labs screen for metabolic causesA complete blood count, CMP, thyroid panel, and fasting glucose uncover anemia, liver disease, hyperthyroidism, or hypoglycemia in about 10 % of tremor workups.
  • DaTscan differentiates Parkinson’s from essential tremorThis nuclear imaging test shows dopaminergic neuron loss; sensitivity is roughly 95 % for Parkinson’s disease.
  • Beta-blockers are first-line for essential tremorPropranolol in low doses (10–40 mg) reduces tremor amplitude by up to 50 % but is avoided in asthma.
  • Antiseizure drugs calm action tremorPrimidone or gabapentin may be added when beta-blockers fail; side effects include drowsiness and dizziness.
  • Deep brain stimulation helps severe, drug-resistant tremorDBS of the ventral intermediate nucleus cuts tremor by 60–90 % at one year, though it requires neurosurgery. "Patients often regain the ability to write legibly the day their stimulator is turned on," says Sina Hartung, MMSC-BMI.
  • Focused ultrasound provides an incision-free alternativeMRI-guided high-intensity ultrasound can lesion the thalamic ventral-intermediate nucleus and cut tremor severity by about 47 % in medication-refractory essential tremor. (KP)
  • Botulinum toxin injections tame head or voice tremorWhen systemic drugs fail or cause side-effects, targeted Botox shots can weaken overactive muscles and smooth troublesome focal tremors, according to Mayo Clinic treatment guidance. (Mayo)

Frequently Asked Questions

This content is for informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis, treatment, and personalized medical recommendations.

Eureka Health

AI-powered health insights, 24/7

InstagramX (Twitter)

© 2026 Eureka Health. All rights reserved.